Linux下SVN服务器的搭建人生如逆旅，我亦是行人。
最后更新于2025-03-12 17:54:26
最后更新于2025-03-12 17:54:26
Ubuntu下SVN服务器的配置及搭建
SVN是Subversion的简称，是一个开放源代码的版本控制系统，相较于RCS、CVS，它采用了分支管理系统，它的设计目标就是取代CVS。互联网上很多版本控制服务已从CVS迁移到Subversion。说得简单一点SVN就是用于多个人共同开发同一个项目，共用资源的目的。
检查是否安装SVN
dpkg --get-selections|grep 'subversion'
如果安装了，会有如下提示
root@ubuntu:~$ dpkg --get-selections|grep 'subversion'
subversion install
如果没有安装，使用以下命令安装
apt install subversion
配置svn并启动svn服务
可以使用svnserve --help查看启动帮助
root@ubuntu:~# svnserve --help
usage: svnserve [-d | -i | -t | -X] [options]
Subversion repository server.
Type 'svnserve --version' to see the program version.
Valid options:
-d [--daemon] : 后台模式
-i [--inetd] : inetd 模式
-t [--tunnel] : 隧道模式
-X [--listen-once] : 监听一次方式(调试用)
-r [--root] ARG : 服务的根目录
-R [--read-only] : 强制只读；覆盖版本库配置文件
--config-file ARG : 从文件 ARG 读取配置
--listen-port ARG : listen port. The default port is 3690.
[mode: daemon, listen-once]
--listen-host ARG : listen hostname or IP address
By default svnserve listens on all addresses.
[mode: daemon, listen-once]
-6 [--prefer-ipv6] : 在使用主机名称监听时，首选 IPv6
[默认首选 IPv4。不支持在守护进程模式中同时使用 IPv4
和 IPv6。如果需要，请使用 inetd 模式或隧道模式。]
-c [--compression] ARG : 用于网络传输的压缩级别
[0 .. 不压缩, 5 .. 默认,
9 .. 最大压缩]
-M [--memory-cache-size] ARG : size of the extra in-memory cache in MB used to
minimize redundant operations.
Default is 16.
0 switches to dynamically sized caches.
[used for FSFS and FSX repositories only]
--cache-txdeltas ARG : enable or disable caching of deltas between older
revisions.
Default is yes.
[used for FSFS and FSX repositories only]
--cache-fulltexts ARG : enable or disable caching of file contents
Default is yes.
[used for FSFS and FSX repositories only]
--cache-revprops ARG : enable or disable caching of revision properties.
Consult the documentation before activating this.
Default is no.
[used for FSFS and FSX repositories only]
--client-speed ARG : Optimize network handling based on the assumption
that most clients are connected with a bitrate of
ARG Mbit/s.
Default is 0 (optimizations disabled).
--block-read ARG : Parse and cache all data found in block instead
of just the requested item.
Default is no.
[used for FSFS repositories in 1.9 format only]
-T [--threads] : 使用线程代替进程 [方式: daemon]
--min-threads ARG : Minimum number of server threads, even if idle.
Capped to max-threads; minimum value is 0.
Default is 1.
[used only with --threads]
--max-threads ARG : Maximum number of server threads, even if there
are more connections. Minimum value is 1.
Default is 256.
[used only with --threads]
--foreground : 在前台运行(调试用)
[方式: daemon]
--single-thread : handle one connection at a time in the parent
process (useful for debugging)
--log-file ARG : svnserve 日志文件
--pid-file ARG : 写进程 PID 到文件 ARG
[方式: daemon, listen-once]
--tunnel-user ARG : 隧道用户名(默认是当前UID对应的用户名)
[方式: tunnel]
-h [--help] : 显示本帮助
--virtual-host : virtual host mode (look for repo in directory
of provided hostname)
--version : 显示程序版本信息
-q [--quiet] : 在标准错误输出不显示进度 (仅错误)
指定svn的数据存储路径
mkdir -p /home/poo/svn/data
指定svn的配置文件信息路径
mkdir -p /home/poo/svn/passwd
启动svn服务
svnserve -d -r /home/poo/svn/data
检测svn服务是否正常启动
第一通过进程检测
root@ubuntu:~# ps -ef|grep svn
root 76 1 0 21:15 ? 00:00:00 svnserve -d -r /home/poo/svn/data/
root 78 52 0 21:15 tty1 00:00:00 grep --color=auto svn
第二通过端口3690检测
netstat -lntup | grep 3690
第三通过文件检测
lsof -i :3690
使用svnadmin建立svn项目版本库
查看创建项目版本库命令
svnadmin --help
root@ubuntu:~# svnadmin --help
general usage: svnadmin SUBCOMMAND REPOS_PATH [ARGS & OPTIONS ...]
Subversion repository administration tool.
Type 'svnadmin help <subcommand>' for help on a specific subcommand.
Type 'svnadmin --version' to see the program version and FS modules.
Available subcommands:
crashtest
create
delrevprop
deltify
dump
freeze
help (?, h)
hotcopy
info
list-dblogs
list-unused-dblogs
load
lock
lslocks
lstxns
pack
recover
rmlocks
rmtxns
setlog
setrevprop
setuuid
unlock
upgrade
verify
svnadmin help create
root@ubuntu:~# svnadmin help create
create: 用法: svnadmin create REPOS_PATH
在 REPOS_PATH 创建一个新的空版本库。
有效选项:
--bdb-txn-nosync : 在提交事务时禁用fsync [BDB]
--bdb-log-keep : 禁用自动删除日志文件 [BDB]
--config-dir ARG : 从目录 ARG 读取用户配置文件
--fs-type ARG : type of repository:
'fsfs' (default), 'bdb' or 'fsx'
CAUTION: FSX is for EXPERIMENTAL use only!
--compatible-version ARG : use repository format compatible with Subversion
version ARG ("1.5.5", "1.7", etc.)
--pre-1.4-compatible : 已经淘汰; 参见 --compatible-version
--pre-1.5-compatible : 已经淘汰; 参见 --compatible-version
--pre-1.6-compatible : 已经淘汰; 参见 --compatible-version
创建testdoc版本库
root@ubuntu:~# svnadmin create /home/poo/svn/data/testdoc
root@ubuntu:~# ll /home/poo/svn/data/testdoc/
总用量 0
drwxr-xr-x 0 root root 512 12月 9 21:26 conf/
drwxr-sr-x 0 root root 512 12月 9 21:26 db/
-r--r--r-- 1 root root 2 12月 9 21:26 format
drwxr-xr-x 0 root root 512 12月 9 21:26 hooks/
drwxr-xr-x 0 root root 512 12月 9 21:26 locks/
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 246 12月 9 21:26 README.txt
配置testdoc版本可的权限
进入testdoc版本库配置目录,并备份配置文件
cd /home/poo/svn/data/testdoc/conf/
cp -p svnserve.conf svnserve.conf.default
进行详细配置
anon-access = none //禁止匿名访问
auth-access = write //认证后有读的权限
password-db = /home/poo/svn/passwd/passwd //指定密码文件
authz-db = /home/poo/svn/passwd/authz //指定权限认证文件
svnserve.conf文件general的一部分
[general]
### The anon-access and auth-access options control access to the
### repository for unauthenticated (a.k.a. anonymous) users and
### authenticated users, respectively.
### Valid values are "write", "read", and "none".
### Setting the value to "none" prohibits both reading and writing;
### "read" allows read-only access, and "write" allows complete
### read/write access to the repository.
### The sample settings below are the defaults and specify that anonymous
### users have read-only access to the repository, while authenticated
### users have read and write access to the repository.
anon-access = none
auth-access = write
### The password-db option controls the location of the password
### database file. Unless you specify a path starting with a /,
### the file's location is relative to the directory containing
### this configuration file.
### If SASL is enabled (see below), this file will NOT be used.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default password file.
password-db = /home/poo/svn/passwd/passwd
### The authz-db option controls the location of the authorization
### rules for path-based access control. Unless you specify a path
### starting with a /, the file's location is relative to the
### directory containing this file. The specified path may be a
### repository relative URL (^/) or an absolute file:// URL to a text
### file in a Subversion repository. If you don't specify an authz-db,
### no path-based access control is done.
### Uncomment the line below to use the default authorization file.
authz-db = /home/poo/svn/passwdauthz
复制passwd和authz文件到passwd目录并修改权限
cp -p passwd authz /home/poo/svn/passwd/
cd /home/poo/svn/passwd/
chmod 700 authz passwd
为Svn版本库创建用户并授权访问指定项目版本库
编辑passwd文件配置用户和密码
vi passwd
xiaowei = 123456
shenyi = 123456
passwd文件
### This file is an example password file for svnserve.
### Its format is similar to that of svnserve.conf. As shown in the
### example below it contains one section labelled [users].
### The name and password for each user follow, one account per line.
[users]
# harry = harryssecret
# sally = sallyssecret
# 等号前是用户名，后面是密码
xiaowei = 123456
shenyi = 123456
# 测试账号
test1 = 123456
test2 = 123456
test3 = 123456
编辑authz文件配置读取权限
[<版本库>:/项目/目录]
@<用户组名> = <权限>
<用户名> = <权限>
authz文件
### This file is an example authorization file for svnserve.
### Its format is identical to that of mod_authz_svn authorization
### files.
### As shown below each section defines authorizations for the path and
### (optional) repository specified by the section name.
### The authorizations follow. An authorization line can refer to:
### - a single user,
### - a group of users defined in a special [groups] section,
### - an alias defined in a special [aliases] section,
### - all authenticated users, using the '$authenticated' token,
### - only anonymous users, using the '$anonymous' token,
### - anyone, using the '*' wildcard.
###
### A match can be inverted by prefixing the rule with '~'. Rules can
### grant read ('r') access, read-write ('rw') access, or no access
### ('').
[aliases]
# joe = /C=XZ/ST=Dessert/L=Snake City/O=Snake Oil, Ltd./OU=Research Institute/CN=Joe Average
[groups]
# harry_and_sally = harry,sally
# harry_sally_and_joe = harry,sally,&joe
# 这里可以定义组，多个用户这间用逗号隔开
test = test1,test2,test3
# [/foo/bar]
# harry = rw
# &joe = r
[testdoc:/]
@test = rw
xiaowei = rw
shenyi = r
重新启动svn服务进行验证
杀死svn服务
pkill svnserve
启动svn
svnserve -d -r /home/poo/svn/data/
备注：修改passwd和authz文件不需要重启svn服务，而修改svnserve.conf则需要
最后安装客户端进行testdoc的配置是否正确
svn --username=xiaowei co svn://127.0.0.1/testdoc
root@ubuntu:# svn --username=xiaowei co svn://127.0.0.1/testdoc
认证领域: <svn://127.0.0.1:3690> f36acfd9-8e0c-4973-bd35-44e75440e1c3
“xiaowei”的密码: ******
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
注意! 你的密码，对于认证域:
<svn://127.0.0.1:3690> f36acfd9-8e0c-4973-bd35-44e75440e1c3
只能明文保存在磁盘上! 如果可能的话，请考虑配置你的系统，让 Subversion
可以保存加密后的密码。请参阅文档以获得详细信息。
你可以通过在“/root/.subversion/servers”中设置选项“store-plaintext-passwords”为“yes”或“no”，
来避免再次出现此警告。
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
保存未加密的密码(yes/no)? yes
取出版本 0。
- 本文作者：畄月寒
- 本文链接：https://testpoo.github.io/Linux下SVN服务器的搭建.html
- 版权声明：本铺所有文章除特别声明外，均采用 BY-NC-SA 4.0 许可协议。转载请注明出处！